PFOA HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS DATA – CHRONOLOGICAL
| TAB | DATE | PUBLISHED? | SPONSOR | POPULATION | ASSOCIATION | STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT? |
| 1 | 12/22/78 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “Chambers Works Fluorosulfactant Study”] | DuPont | DuPont NJ Fluoroproducts Workers | Abnormal liver function | |
| 2 | 3/15/79 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “Chambers Works Fluorosulfactant Study”] | DuPont | DuPont NJ Fluoroproducts Workers | Increased incidence of allergic/endocrine/metabolic disorders
Increased mental and psychoneurotic disorders Increased skin & cellular tissue disorders Abnormal liver function |
Yes
Yes Yes No |
| 2A | 2/80 | No [Schuman, L. M. & Mandel, J. S., “An Epidemiologic Mortality Study of Employees at the Chemolite Plant” (Internal 3M report)] | 3M | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased cancer of following types among males employed more than 6 months in Chemical Division:
– Esophogus – Larynx – Skin – Prostate – Testis |
No |
| 3 | 8/80 | Yes – [Ubel, F.A., et al., “Health status of plant workers exposed to flurochemicals – a preliminary report,” 41 Amer. Indus. Hygiene Assoc. J. 384-89 (1980)] | 3M | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased SGOT
[no increased mortality incidence] |
|
| 4 | 1/28/81 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “Liver Function Study of Washington Works Employees Exposed to C-8”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased SGOT
Increased AP |
Yes
Yes |
| 5 | 3/30/81 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “Study of Myocardial Infarction Incidence and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Rates at Washington Works”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased MI incidence among foremen | Yes |
| 6 | 9/81 | No [DuPont Internal Reports Relating to: “Study of Pregnancy Outcome in Washington Works Employees”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased birth defect incidence | Yes |
| 7 | 5/28/82 | No [3M Internal Report – “Fluorochemical Control Study”] | 3M | 3M Alabama Fluorochemical Workers | [no elevated liver enzymes] | |
| 8 | 1/28/83 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “Update of 1/28/81 Liver Function Study of Washington Works Employees Exposed to C-8”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | [no elevated liver enzymes/blood pressure] | |
| 9 | 12/84 | No [DuPont Internal Reports Relating to: “Allegation of Significant Adverse Reaction – Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) Section 8(c)”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers – Males | CLAIMS of infertility among male workers – not pursued | |
| 10 | 10/92 | No [Ph.D. Thesis: Gilliland, F., “Fluorocarbons and Human Health: Studies in an Occupational Cohort”] | Univ. Minn. | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased estrodiol
Decreased free testosterone Increased TSH Increased prolactin (in moderate drinkers) Increased hemoglobin Increased mean cellular volume Increased leukocyte counts Increased prostate cancer deaths in long exposure group |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes |
| 11 | 9/93 | Yes [Gilliland, F.D. & Mandel, J.S., “Mortality Among Employees of a Perfluorooctanoic Acid Production Plant,” 35 J.O.E.M. (9) 950-54 (Sept. 1993)] | Univ. Minn. | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased prostate cancer deaths in high exposure group | Yes |
| 12 | 1996 | Yes [Gilliland, F.D. & Mandel, J.S., “Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Hepatic Enzymes, Lipoproteins, and Cholesterol: A Study of Occupationally Exposed Men,” 29 Amer. J. Indus. Med. 560-68 (1996)] | Univ. Minn. | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Altered SGOT, SGPT, GGT, HDL dependant on alcohol & obesity levels | Yes |
| 13 | 8/5/96 | No [DuPont Internal Report – “C-8 Study”] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased SGOT
Increased AP Increased LDH Increased kidney disease incidence |
No
No No No |
| 14 | 7/98 | Yes [Olsen, G.W., et al., “An Epidemiologic Investigation of Reproductive Hormones in Men With Occupational Exposure to Perfluorooctanoic Acid,” 40 J.O.E.M. (7) 614-22 (July 1998)] | 3M | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased estradiol in high exposure group
Increased 17-HP |
No
No |
| 15 | 2000 | Yes [Olsen, G.W., et al., “Plasma Cholecystokinin and Hepatic Enzymes, Cholesterol and Lipoproteins in Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Production Workers,” 23 Drug & Chem. Toxicol. (4) 603-20 (2000)] | 3M | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Decreased CCK
[No elevated liver enzymes] |
Yes |
| 16 | 4/26/01 | No [Univ. Minn. Internal Report – “Mortality Study of Workers Employed at the 3M Cottage Grove Facility”] | Univ. Minn. | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased death from cerebrovascular disease
[no cancer death excess using redefined exposure categories] |
Yes |
| 17 | 3/03 | Yes [Olsen, G.W., et al., “Epidemiologic Assessment of Worker Serum Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) Concentrations and Medical Surveillance Examinations,” 45 J.O.E.M. (3) 260-70 (March 2003)] | 3M | 3M Belgium/Alabama Fluorochemical Workers | Increased triglycerides
Increased GGT Increased AP Increased ALT Increased T3 Increased cholesterol |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes |
| 18 | 2003 | Yes [Alexander, B.H., et al., “Mortality of employees of a perfluorooctanesulphonyl fluoride manufacturing facility,” 60 J. Occup. Environ. Med. 722-29 (2003)] | Univ. Minn. | 3M Alabama Fluorochemical Workers | Increased bladder cancer death
Increased liver cancer deaths |
Yes
No |
| 19 | 8/04 | Yes [Olsen, G.W., et al., “Analysis of Episodes of Care in a Perfluorooctanesulfonyl Fluoride Production Facility,” 46 J. Occup. Environ. Med. (8) (Aug. 2004)] | 3M | 3M Alabama Fluorochemical Workers | Increased episodes of care for:
•- Malignant colon neoplasm •- Malignant rectum neoplasm •- Malignant neoplasm of lower respiratory tract •- Malignant skin melanoma •- Malignant prostate neoplasm •- Cholelithiasis •- Acute pancreatitis •- Preterm labor •- Benign colonic polyps •- Diabetes •- Liver disorders •- Biliary tract disorders •- Urinary tract disorders/cystitis •- Infertility •- Disorders of lipid metabolism •- Hypertension •- Coronary disease/cardiac arrest •- Pancreatitis |
|
| 20 | 9/7/04 | No [MIC Letter to USEPA Regarding Mitini Meeting Data] | Mitini (Italy) | Mitini Italian PFOA Workers | Increased total cholesterol
Increased non-HDL cholesterol |
Yes
Yes |
| 90 | 10/04 | No [Dahlgren, J., et al., “Prevalence and Incidence of Cancer in Populations Exposed to Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA),” Arch. Environ. Health [accepted for publication 10/04 but never published] | UCLA | WV/OH C8 Community
DuPont WV C8 Workers |
Increased self-reported prevalence for:
•- Uterine/cervical cancer •- Multiple myeloma •- Lung cancer •- Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma •- Bladder Cancer •- Colon/rectal cancer Increased bladder cancer Increased prostate cancer Increased kidney cancer |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes |
| 21 | 11/04-
2/05 |
No [Dahlgren, J., et al, Meeting Slides/Abstracts] | UCLA | WW/OH C8 Community
DuPont WW C8 workers |
Increased self-reported cervical/uterine cancer
Increased self-reported prostate cancer Increased self-reported breast cancer Decreased age to menopause Increased prostate cancer |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 22 | 1/11/05 | No [DuPont Press Releases/Slides Regarding First-Phase Worker Health Study Results Examining PFOA Exposure] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased total cholesterol
Increased LDL Increased triglycerides Increased uric acid Increased iron |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes |
| 23 | 3/1/06 | No [WV Dept. Health Report: “Examination of Community Concerns about Water Contamination with Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Related Chemicals Using Population-based Cancer Registry Data”] | WV Dept. Health | Wood/Mason Cty WV General Population | Increased prostate cancer incidence
Increased leukemia incidence Increased non-Hodgkin lymphoma incidence Increased cutaneous melanoma |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 24 | 8/06 | Yes [Emmett, E.A., et al., “Community Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate: Relationships Between Serum Levels and Certain Health Parameters,” 48 J.O.E.M. (8) 771-779 (Aug. 2006)] | Univ. Penn. | Little Hocking OH Water Customers | Increased monocyte count
Increased cholesterol [no other liver/lipid/thyroid associations found] |
Yes
No |
| 25 | 11/06 | Yes [LeMasters, G.K., et al., “Cancer Risk Among Firefighters: A Review amd Meta-analysis of 32 Studies,” 48 J.O.E.M. (11) 1189-1202 (Nov. 2006)] | Univ. Cincinnati | Firefighters [PFOA not directly measured] | Increased risk of multiple myeloma
Increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma Increased risk of prostate cancer Increased risk of testicular cancer |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 26 | 4/2/07 | No [DuPont Letters to USEPA Supplementing Phase I Worker Study Results] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased LDH
Increased calcium Increased potassium Increased estradiol Increased testosterone Decreased total bilirubin Increased serum aspartate aminotransferase |
|
| 27 | 6/07 | Yes [Olsen, G.W. & Zobel, L.R., “Assessment of lipid, hepatic, and thyroid parameters with serum perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) concentrations in fluorochemical workers,” Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health (doi:10.1007/s00420-007-0213-0) (on-line 6/07)] | 3M | 3M Alabama/Belgium/
Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers |
Decreased HDL
Increased triglycerides Decreased free T4 Increased T3 Decreased bilirubin Increased Alkaline phosphatase Increased ALT/GGT |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes |
| 28 | 7/31/07 | Yes [Apelberg, B.J., et al., “Cord Serum Concentrations of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in Relation to Weight and Size at Birth,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.10334) (on-line July 31, 2007)] | Johns Hopkins | General US Population | Decreased birth weight
Decreased ponderal index Decreased head circumference |
Yes
Yes Yes |
| 29 | 8/16/07 | Yes [Fei, C., et al., “Perfluorinated Chemicals and Fetal Growth: A Study within the Danish National Birth Cohort,” Eniron. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.10506 (on-line Aug. 16, 2007)] | Univ. Cal. | General Danish Population | Decreased birth weight | Yes |
| 30 | 8/07 | Yes [Sakr, C.J., et al., “Longitudinal Study of Serum Lipids and Liver Enzymes in Workers With Occupational Exposure to Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate,” 49 J.O.E.M. (8) 872-79 (Aug. 2007)] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased total cholesterol
Decreased total bilirubin Increased AST |
Yes
Yes Yes |
| 31 | 8/07 | Yes [Leonard, R.C., et al., “Retrospective Cohort Mortality Study of Workers in a Polymer Production Plant Including a Reference Population of Regional Workers,” J. Ann. Epidem. (doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.06.011) (on-line Aug. 2007)] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased IHD mortality
Increased diabetes mortality Increased death from kidney cancer |
No
Yes No |
| 32 | 10/07 | Yes [Sakr, C.J., et al., “Cross-Sectional Study of Lipids and Liver Enzymes Related to a Serum Biomarker of Exposure (ammonium perfluorooctanoate or APFO) as Part of a General Health Survey in a Cohort of Occupationally Exposed Workers,” 49 J.O.E.M. (10) 1086-96 (Oct. 2007)] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased total cholesterol
Increased LDL Increased VLDL Increased GGT Increased AST Increased ALT |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes No No |
| 33 | 2008 | No [WVU Slides From On-Line Presentation] | WVU | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Decreased CRP
Decreased IG Increased ALT Increased AST/SGOT Increased total cholesterol-children Increased free TH |
|
| 34 | 10/08 | Yes [Fei, C., et al., “Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroctanoate (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Maternally Reported Developmental Milestones in Infancy,” 116 Environ. Health Persp. (10) 1391-95 (Oct. 2008)] | Univ. Cal. | General Danish Population | [no effects on APGAR scores] | |
| 35 | 11/4/08 | Yes [Washino, N., et al., “Correlations Between Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorinated Chemicals and Reduced Fetal Growth,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.11681) (on-line Nov. 4, 2008)] | Hokkaido Univ. (Japan) | General Sapporo Japan Population | [no effects on birth weight] | |
| 36 | 12/29/08 | Yes [Lin, C-Y, et al., “Association Among Serum Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents and Adults,” Diabetes Care (on-line Dec. 28, 2008)] | Taiwan Hospital | General US Population | Increased B cell function
(associated with glucose homeostasis and metabolic syndrome) |
Yes |
| 37 | 2008 | Yes [Anderson-Mahoney, P., et al., “Self-Reported Health Effects Among Community Residents Exposed to Perfluorooctanoate,” 18 New Solutions (2) 129-43 (2008)] | Plaintiffs | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased self reports of angina
Increased self reports of MI Increased self reports of stroke Increased self reports of respiratory effects |
|
| 38 | 1/28/09 | Yes [Fei., C., et al., “Maternal levels of perfluorinated chemicals and subfecundity,” 1 Human Repro. (1) 1-6 (2009)] | Univ. Cal. | General Danish Population | Increased time to pregnancy | Yes |
| 39 | 2/09 | Yes [Bloom, M.S., et al., “Exploratory assessment of perfluorinated compounds and human thyroid function,” Physiol. Behav. (doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.005) (on-line Feb. 2009)] | SUNY | General New York Population – Fishermen | [no effects on thyroid function] | |
| 40 | 3/09 | Yes [Costa, G., et al., “Thirty Years of Medical Surveillance in Perfluorooctanoic Acid Production Workers,” 51 J.O.E.M. (3) 1-9 (March 2009)] | Mitini | Mitini Italian PFOA Workers | Increased total cholesterol
Increased uric acid Decreased bilirubin Increased ALT Increased GGT Increased ALP Increased globulins Increased IgA |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes |
| 41 | 3/2/09 | Yes [Nordstrom, U., et al., “Do Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Impair Human Semen Quality?” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.0800517) (on-line March 2, 2009)] | Univ. Denmark | General Danish Population | Decreased normal sperm | Yes |
| 42 | 3/16/09 | No [C-8 Science Panel Status Report: “PFOA and immune biomarkers in adults exposed to PFOA in drinking water in the mid Ohio Valley”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Decreased lgA
Decreased IgE (females) Increased ANA Decreased CRP |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 43 | 4/7/09 | Yes [Eriksen, K.T., et al., “Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctanesulfonate Plasma Levels and Risk of Cancer in the General Danish Population,” 101 J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 605-609 (2009)] | Danish Cancer Society | General Danish Population | Increased risk of pancreatic cancer in highest exposure group | No |
| 44 | 6/23/09 | Yes [Sakr, C.J., et al., “Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality Study among Workers with Occupational Exposure to Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate,” Occup. Environ. Med. (doi:10.1136/oem.2008.041582) (on-line June 24, 2009)] | DuPont | DuPont WV PFOA Workers | Increased IHD deaths at longest exposure categories | No |
| 45 | 8/19/09 | Yes [Stein, C.R., et al., “Serum Levels of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Pregnancy Outcome,” Amer. J. Epidem. (doi:10.1093/aje/kwp212) (on-line Aug. 12, 2009)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased preeclampsia
Increased birth defects |
Yes
Yes |
| 46 | 9/09 | Yes [MacNeil, J., et al., “A cross-sectional analysis of type II diabetes in a community with exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA),” Environ. Research (doi:10.1016/j.envres.2009.08.002) (on-line Sept. 2009)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [no association with Type II diabetes] | |
| 47 | 10/21/09 | Yes [Steenland, K., et al., “Association of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate With Serum Lipids Among Adults Living Near a Chemical Plant,” Amer. J. Epidem. (doi:10.1093/aje/kwp279) (on-line Oct. 21, 2009)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Adults) | Increased total cholesterol
Increased LDL Increased non-HDL Increased triglycerides |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 48 | 10/22/09 | Yes [Steenland, K., et al., “Association of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) with Uric Acid Among Adults with Elevated Community Exposure to PFOA,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.0900940) (on-line Oct. 22, 2009)] | C-8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Adults) | Increased uric acid | Yes |
| 49 | 10/28/09 | Yes [Hamm, M.P., et al., “Maternal exposure to perfluorinated acids and fetal growth,” J. Exposure Sci. & Environ. Epidem. 1-9 (2009)] | Univ. Alberta | General Alberta Canada Population | [no effect on birth weight] | |
| 50 | 11/09 | Yes [Pinney, S.M., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Pubertal Maturation in Young Girls,” 20 J. Epidem. (6) S80 (Nov. 2009)] [ABSTRACT ONLY] | Univ. Cincinnati | General OH/KY Population | Increased pubescent maturation in breasts of young girls | |
| 51 | 11/09 | Yes [Lundin, J.I., et al., “Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Production and Occupational Mortality,” 20 J. Epidem. (6) 921-28 (Nov. 2009)] | 3M/Univ. Minn. | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased prostate cancer death
Increased cerebrovascular disease death Increased diabetes death |
Yes
Yes Yes |
| 52 | 11/2/09 | Yes [Nelson, J.W., et al., “Exposure to Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cholesterol, Body Weight, and Insulin Resistance in the General U.S. Population,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.0901165) (online Nov. 2, 2009)] | Boston Univ. | General U.S. Population | Increased total cholesterol
Increased non-HDL cholesterol |
Yes
Yes |
| 53 | 12/15/09 | Yes [Lin, C-Y, et al., “Investigation of the Associations Between Low-Dose Serum Perfluorinated Chemicals and Liver Enzymes in US Adults,” Amer. J. Gastroenterology (doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.707) (online Dec. 15, 2009)] | Taiwan Hospital | General U.S. Population | Increased ALT
Increased GGT |
Yes
No |
| 54 | 2009 | Yes [Nolan, L.A., et al., “The relationship between birth weight, gestational age and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)-contaminated public drinking water,” 27 Repro. Toxicol. 231-38 (2009)] | Univ. Penn. | Little Hocking OH Water Customers | [no effects on birth weight] | |
| 55 | 1/20/10 | Yes [Melzer, D., et al., “Association Between Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Thyroid Disease in the NHANES Study,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.0901584) (on-line Jan. 20, 2010)] | Peninsula Medical School | General U.S. Population | Increased reported thyroid disease in women
Increased reported thyroid disease in men |
Yes
No |
| 56 | 2010 | Yes [Nolan, L.A., et al., “Congenital Anomolies, Labor/Delivery Complications, Maternal Risk Factors and Their Relationship with Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)-Contaminated Public Drinking Water,” (published 2010)] | Univ. Penn. | Little Hocking OH Water Customers | Increased anemia
Increased dysfunctional labor |
Yes
Yes |
| 57 | 6/15/10 | Yes [Hoffman, K., et al., “Exposure to Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in U.S. Children Aged 12-15 Years,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.1001898) (on-line June 15, 2010)] | Boston Univ. | General U.S. Population (12-15 Year-Olds) | Increased self report of ADHD | Yes |
| 58 | 8/26/10 | Yes [Fei, C., et al., “Prenatal exposure to PFOA and PFOS and risk of hospitalization for infectious diseases in early childhood,” 110 Environ. Research 773-77 (2010)] | Univ. Cal. | General Danish Population | Slightly increased risk of hospitalization for girls with highest prenatal PFOA exposure | No |
| 59 | 9/7/10 | Yes [Frisbee, S.J., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid, Perfluorooctanesulfonate, and Serum Lipids in Children and Adolescents,” 164 Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. (9) 860-69 (Sept. 2010)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Children) | Increased total cholesterol
Increased LDL Increased HDL |
Yes
Yes No |
| 60 | 9/13/10 | Yes [Christensen, K.Y., et al., “Exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals during pregnancy is not associated with offspring age at menarche in a contemporary British cohort,” 37 Environ. Int’l 129-35 (2011)] | Emory Univ. | General U.K. Population | Decreased time to menarche/puberty in girls | No |
| 61 | 9/30/10 (Status Report) -published on-line 5/2/11, published final 10/1/11 | Yes [Lopez-Espinosa, M-J, et al., “Association of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) with Age of Puberty among Children Living near a Chemical Plant,” Environ. Sci. & Technol. (doi:10.1021/es1038694) (on-line May 2, 2011) – FINAL 10/1/11 | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Children) | Increased time to reach puberty in girls | Yes |
| 62 | 10/12/10 | Yes [Anderson, C.S., et al., “Prenatal Exposures to Perfluorinated Chemicals and Anthropometric Measures in Infancy,” 172 Amer. J. Epidem. (11) 1230-37 (Oct. 2010)] | Danish Government | General Danish Population | Decreased baby weight in first year
Decreased baby body mass in first year |
Yes
Yes |
| 63 | 11/9/10 | Yes [Fei, C. & Olsen, J., “Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorinated Chemicals and Behavioral or Coordination Problems at Age 7,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.1002026) (on-line Nov. 9, 2010)] | Univ. Cal. | General Danish Population (Children) | [no effect on behavioral/motor coordination at age 7] | |
| 64 | 6/10/11 online, final 10/1/11 | Yes [Stein, C.R. & Savitz, D.A., “Serum Perfluorinated Compound Concentration and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children Aged 5 to 18 Years,” Environ. Health Persp. (doi:10.1289/ehp.1003538) (on-line June 10, 2011)] – FINAL published 10/1/11 | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (15-18 Year-Olds) | Increased self-reported ADHD with medication at lower exposure levels with decrease at highest exposure level | |
| 65 | 2/8/11 | Yes [Chan, E., et al., “Perfluorinated acids and hypothyroxinemia in pregnant women,” J. Eviron. Research (doi:10.1016/j.envres.2011.01.011) (on-line Feb. 2011)] | Univ. Alberta | General Alberta Canada Population | [no effect on hypothyroxinemia in pregnant women] | |
| 66 | 3/16/11 | Yes [Knox, S.S., et al., “Implications of Early Menopause in Women Exposed to Perfluorocarbons,” 96 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (6) (doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2401) (online March 16, 2011)] | WVU | WW/OH C8 Settlement Population | Decreased time to menopause | Yes |
| 67 | 4/19/11 | Yes [Wang, I-Jen, et al., “The effect of prenatal perfluorinated chemicals exposures on pediatric atopy,” Environ. Res. (doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.04.006) (online May 2011) | Taiwan Hospital | General Taiwan Population (Children) | Increased cord blood IgE levels | Yes |
| 68 | 6/27/11 | Yes [Innes, K.E., et al., “Association of Osteoarthritis With Serum Levels of Environmental Contaminants Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in a Large Appalachian Population,” Am. J. Epidem. (doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr107) (online June 27, 2011) | WVU | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased osteoarthritis | Yes |
| 69 | 7/11 | Yes [Raymer, J.H., et al., “Concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and their associations with human semen quality measurements,” Repro. Toxicol. (doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.05.024) (online 7/11) | 3M | General NC Population | [No significant effects on sperm quality] | |
| 70 | 7/15/11 Status Report [Published 10/18/12] | Yes [Steenland, K. & Woskie, S., “Cohort Mortality Study of Workers Exposed to Perfluorooctanoic Acid,” Am. J. Epidem. (doi: 10.1093/aje/kws171) (on-line 10/18/12)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased death from kidney cancer
Increased death from chronic kidney disease Increased death from mesothelioma |
Yes
Yes Yes |
| 72 | 7/15/11 [Status Report] 5/12 [publication] | Yes [Savitz, D. A., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure and Pregnancy Outcome in a Highly Exposed Community,” 23 (3) Epidem. 1-7 (May 2012)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased preeclampsia
Slight increase in congenital heart defects [No other birth outcome associations] |
Yes |
| 73 | 8/1/11 | Yes [Knox, S.S., et al., “Perfluorocarbon exposure, gender and thyroid function in the C8 Health Project,” 36 (4) J. Toxicol. Sci. 403-410 (Aug. 2011)] | WVU | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased serum thyroxine
Decreased T3 |
Yes
Yes |
| 74 | 8/2/11 | Yes [Kim, S., et al., “Trans-Placental Transfer of Thirteen Perfluorinated Compounds and Relations with Fetal Thyroid Hormones,” Environ. Health Persp. (“just accepted manuscript”) (Aug. 2, 2011) | Korean Univ. | General S. Korean Population | Reduced thyroid hormone levels
[No association with birth weight] |
No |
| 75 | 8/11/01 [Status Report] 3/27/12 [Publication] | Yes [Lopez-Espinosa, M-J., et al., “Thyroid Function and Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Children Living Near a Chemical Plant,” Environ. Health Perspec. (dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104370) (on-line March 27, 2012)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population – Children (Age 1-18) | Increased thyroid disease | |
| 76 | 8/26/11 | Yes [Shankar, A. & Ducatman, A., “Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Chronic Kidney Disease in US Adults,” Am. J. Epidem. (doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr171) (Aug. 26, 2011)] | WVU | General US Population | Increased chronic kidney disease | Yes |
| 77 | 9/23/11 [Status Report] 3/26/12 [Publication] | Yes [Savitz, D., et al., “Relationship of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure to Pregnancy Outcome Based on Birth Records in the Mid-Ohio Valley,” Environ. Health Perspec. (dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104752) (on-line March 26, 2012)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Inconsistent decreased birth weight at highest exposure levels
Inconsistent reduced fetal growth Large, imprecise associations with early preterm birth [No association with stillbirth, pregnancy-induced hypertension] |
|
| 78 | 9/11 | Yes [Shankar, A., Xiao, J., & Ducatman, A., “Perfluoroalkyl chemicals and elevated serum uric acid in US adults,” 3 Clin. Epidem. 251-58 (Sept. 2011)] | WVU | General U.S. Population | Increased uric acid | Yes |
| 79 | 10/6/11 | Yes [Bonefeld-Jorgensen, E. C., et al., “Perfluorinated compounds are related to breast cancer risk in Greenland Inuit: A case control study,” 10:88 Environ. Health 2011 (doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-88) (on-line 10/6/11) | Aarhaus Univ. (Denmark) | General Greenlandic Inuit Population | Increased risk of breast cancer | Yes (combined PFCs) |
| 80 | 10/11 | Yes [Okada, E., et al., “Prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and relationship with allergies and infectious diseases in infants,” Environ. Research (doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.10.003) (on-line 10/11) | Hokkaido Univ. (Japan) | General Sapparo Japan Population (Infants) | Decreased IgE (female infants)
[No association with food allergy, eczema, wheezing, or otitis media in first 18 months] |
Yes |
| 81 | 11/10/11 | Yes [Whitworth, K.W., et al., “Perfluorinated Compounds and Subfecundity in Pregnant Women,” 23 (2) Epidem. 1-7 (March 2012) (doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31823b5031) (online 11/10/11) | NIEHS | General Norwegian Population | Increased subfecundity in parous but not nulliparous women | Yes |
| 82 | 11/17/11 | Yes [Lin, C-L, et al., “Associations between Levels of Serum Perfluorinated Chemicals and Adiponectin in a Young Hypertension Cohort in Taiwan,” Environ. Sci. & Tech. (dx.doi.org/10.1021/es201964x) (online 11/17/11) | Taiwan Hospital | General Taiwanese Population (ages 12-30) | No associations found with glucose homeostasis, adiponectin level, lipid profile, or inflammatory markers and PFOA blood levels below average US PFOA blood levels (only 2.39 ppb average PFOA serum level in test group) | |
| 83 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Preeclampsia”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | Probable Link found with pregnancy-induced hypertension/preeclampsia | |
| 84 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Miscarriage and Stillbirths”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with miscarriage or stillbirths] | |
| 85 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with preterm birth or low birthweight] | |
| 86 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Birth Defects”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with birth defects] | |
| 87 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Status Report: “PFOA and adult thyroid disease in the mid-Ohio valley”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population (age 20+) | Increased thyroid disease occurrence in adults | Yes (for women) |
| 88 | 12/5/11 | No [C-8 Science Panel Status Report: “Prospective study of reproductive health outcomes in the mid-Ohio valley”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | Increased pregnancy-induced hypertension
[“Little evidence” of associations with miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birthweight] |
No |
| 89 | 12/5/11 [Status Report] 7/13 [Publication] | Yes [Fitz-Simon, N., et al., “Reductions in Serum Lipids with a 4-year Decline in Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid,” 24 Epidem. (4) 1-8 (July 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | Decreased LDL associated with decreased PFOA | Yes |
| 91 | 1/25/12 | Yes [Grandjean, P., et al., “Serum Vaccine Antibody Concentrations in Children Exposed to Perfluorinated Compounds,” 307 (4) J.A.M.A. 391-97 (Jan. 25, 2012)] | Harvard Univ. | General Faroe Islands Population (Children) | Decreased humoral immune response to childhood immunizations | Yes |
| 71 | 1/30/12 [Status Report – 7/15/11] | Yes [Gallo, V., et al., “Serum Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Concentrations and Liver Function Biomarkers in a Population with Elevated PFOA Exposure,” Environ. Health Perspec. (dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104436) (on-line Jan. 30, 2012)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased ALT
Altered bilirubin |
Yes |
| 92 | 2/3/12 | Yes [Halldorsson, T.I., et al., “Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate and Risk of Overweight at 20 Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study,” Environ. Health Perspec. (dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104034) (on-line Feb. 3, 2012)] | Danish/Icelandic Researchers | General Danish Population | Increased overweight status in female children at age 20 | Yes |
| 95 | 2/12 | No [Butenhoff, J.L., et al., “Perflurooctanoate, Perfluorooctanesulfonate, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Clearance Comes Before Causation,” SOT 2012 Poster Abstract (Feb. 2012)] | 3M | 3M Fluorochemical Workers | Increased chronic kidney disease | No |
| 96 | 2/12 SOT Poster abstract [8/12 Published] | Yes [Olsen, G.W., et al., “Longitudinal Assessment of Lipid and Hepatic Clinical Parameters in Workers Involved With the Demolition of Perfluoroalkyl Manufacturing Facilities,” 54 (8) J.O.E.M. 974-83 (Aug. 2012)] | 3M | 3M Fluorochemical Demolition Workers (at baseline exposures) | Increased HDL
[No significant positive associations with non-HDL cholesterol and hepatic clinical chemistries] |
Yes |
| 97 | 2/12 | No [Nygaard, U.C., et al., “Perfluorinated compounds and immune health outcomes in 3-year-old children,” SOT 2012 Poster Abstract (Feb. 2012)] | Norwegian Inst. Pub. health | General Norwegian Population – Children | Decreased response to rubella vaccinations | |
| 93 | 3/12 | Yes [Butenhoff, J.L., et al., “Distribution of perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanoate into human plasma lipoprotein fractions,” Toxicol. Lett. (doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.02.013) (online 3/12) | 3M | General US Population | Partitioning of PFOA to lipoprotein fraction of blood not support reverse causality for lipid associations | |
| 94 | 3/15/12 | Yes [Specht, I.O., et al., “Sperm DNA integrity in relation to exposure to environmental perfluoroalkyl substances – A study of spouses of pregnant women in three geographical regions,” Reprod. Toxicol. (on-line March 15, 2012)] | Danish Univ. | General Greenland, Poland, Ukraine Population – Male | Slight increase in SHBG and TUNEL-positivity
[No other associations with sperm DNA fragmentation, apoptosis or reproductive hormones] |
No |
| 98 | 4/13/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Diabetes”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with adult Type II diabetes] | |
| 99 | 4/15/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Cancer”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Probable Link found with testicular cancer
Probable Link found with kidney cancer [No Probable Link found with other cancers] |
Yes
Yes |
| 100 | 5/10/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Status Report: “Infections, obesity and clinical markers in children in relation to PFOA serum level during pregnancy in mothers in the Mid-Ohio Valley”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No association between prenatal exposure and risk of childhood infections or asthma since birth]
[No association between prenatal exposure and increased risk of obesity or metabolic syndrome] Increased LDL and decreased insulin associated with prenatal exposure |
No |
| 101 | 5/31/12 | Yes [Min, J-Y., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure is associated with elevated homocysteine and hypertension in US adults,” Occup. Environ. Med. (doi: 10.1136/oemed-2011-100288) (on-line May 31, 2012)] | Korean Univ. | General U.S. Population | Increased homocysteine and systolic blood pressure/hypertension | Yes |
| 102 | 6/12 | No [Bloom, M., et al., “Exposure to Persistent Organohalogen Pollutants is Associated With Thyroid Function Among Older Residents of Upper Hudson River Communities” (ISEE 2012 Abstract)] | Univ. Albany | General Upper Hudson River NY Population | Increased T4 | |
| 103 | 6/12 | No [Christensen, K., et al., “Method to Assess Multiple Classes of Environmental Chemicals and Liver Disease: NHANES 2003-2006” (ISEE 2012 Abstract)] | US EPA | General U.S. Population | Increased ALT by PFC class | Yes |
| 104 | 7/12 | Yes [Wu, K., et al., “Association between maternal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from electronic waste recycling and neonatal health outcomes,” 48 Environ. Int’l 1-8 (2012)] | Shantou Univ. (China) | General Chinese Population living near electronic waste recycling area | Decreased gestational age
Decreased birth weight Decreased birth length Decreased Apgar scores |
Yes
Yes Yes Yes |
| 105 | 7/25/11 [Status Report] 3/11/13 [Publication] | Yes [Watkins, D.J., et al., “Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Markers of Kidney Function Among Children and Adolescents Living Near a Chemical Plant,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205838) (On-line March 11, 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Children) | Decreased eGFR (kidney function) | |
| 106 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Thyroid Disease”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Probable Link found with thyroid disease | |
| 107 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Autoimmune Disease”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Probable Link found with ulcerative colitis
No Probable Link found with: -Rheumatoid arthritis – Lupus – Type 1 diabetes – Crohn’s disease – Multiple sclerosis |
|
| 108 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Children) | No Probable Link found with neurodevelopmental disorders in children | |
| 109 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for Non-infectious Disease (Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – COPD)”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | No Probable Link found with:
•- Asthma •- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) |
|
| 110 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Stroke”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | No Probable Link found with stroke | |
| 111 | 7/30/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation of Infectious Disease”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | No Probable Link found with common infectious disease | |
| 112 | 8/3/12 | Yes [Wang, J., et al., “Association of perfluorooctanoic acid with HDL cholesterol and circulating miR-26b and miR-199-3p in workers of a fluorochemical plant and nearby residents,” Env. Science & Techn. (doi: 10.1021/es3009606q) (on-line Aug. 3, 2012)] | Chinese Researchers | Chinese Fluorochemical Workers and Nearby Chinese Population | Decreased HDL-C
Increased miR-26b Increased miR-199a-3p |
Yes |
| 113 | 8/30/12 | Yes [Maisonet, M., et al., “Maternal Concentrations of Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds during Pregnancy and Fetal and Postnatal Growth in British Girls,” Environ. Health Perspec. (dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1003096) (on-line Aug. 30, 2012)] | Emory Univ. | General British Population | Decreased birth weight | |
| 114 | 9/3/12 | Yes [Shankar, A., Xiao, J., & Ducatman, A., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults,” Arch. Intern. Med. (doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3393) (on-line Sept. 3, 2012)] | WVU | General U.S. Population | Increased cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Increased peripheral arterial disease (PAD) |
Yes
Yes |
| 115 | 8/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel, “Gene expression and epigenetic modification in lipid regulating genes in relation to PFOA and PFOS,” (ISEE August 2012 Presentation Slides)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Decreased NR1HR (Liver receptor B; LXRB) transcript levels (gene involved in lipid metabolism) | |
| 116 | 9/20/12 | Yes [Lee, Y.J., et al., “Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl compounds in maternal and umbilical cord sera and birth outcomes in Korea,” Chemosphere (doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.08.035) (on-line Sept. 20, 2012)] | Korean Researchers | General Korean Population | Decreased birth weight
Decreased birth length Decreased ponderal index |
|
| 117 | 11/12 | Yes [Louis, G. M.B., et al., “Perfluorochemicals and Endometriosis: The ENDO Study,” 23 Epidem. (6) 1-7 (Nov. 2012)] | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Inst. Of Child Health and Human Health | General U.S. Population (Salt Lake City and San Francisco areas) | Increased endometriosis | |
| 118 | 10/26/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for heart disease (including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, coronary artery disease)”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Probable Link found with hypercholesterolemia
[No Probable Link found with hypertension] [No Probable Link found with coronary artery disease] |
|
| 119 | 10/29/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for Chronic Kidney Disease”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with chronic kidney disease] | |
| 120 | 10/29/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for Liver Diseases”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with liver disease] | |
| 121 | 10/29/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for Osteoarthritis”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with osteoarthritis] | |
| 122 | 10/29/12 | No [C-8 Science Panel Probable Link Report: “Probable Link Evaluation for Parkinson’s Disease”] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | [No Probable Link found with Parkinson’s Disease] | |
| 123 | 10/24/12 | Yes [Power, M.C., et al., “Cross-Sectional Association between Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Cognitive Limitation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,” 40 Neuroepidem. J. (2), 125-132 (2013)] | Harvard Univ. | General U.S. Population (aged 60-85 years old) | Decreased self-reported cognitive limitation | Yes |
| 124 | 1/8/13 | Yes [Dong, G-H, et al., “Serum Polyfluoroalkyl Concentrations, Asthma Outcomes, and Immunological Markers in a Case-Control Study of Taiwanese Children,” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205351) (on-line Jan. 8, 2013)] | China Med. Univ. | General Northern Taiwan Population (10-15 year olds) | Increased asthma | Yes |
| 125 | 1/8/13 | Yes [Vieira, V. M., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure and Cancer Outcomes in a Contaminated Community: A Geographic Analysis,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205829) (on-line Jan. 8, 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased testicular cancer
Increased kidney cancer Increased Non-Hodgkins lymphoma Increased Prostate cancer Increased ovarian cancer |
|
| 126 | 1/25/13 | Yes [Granum, B., et al., “Pre-natal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances may be associated with altered vaccine antibody levels and immune-related health outcomes in early childhood,” J. Immunotoxicol., Early Online (doi: 10.3109/1547691X.2012.755580) (on-line Jan. 25, 2013)] | Norwegian Inst Pub. Health. | General Norwegian Population | Decreased antibody levels to rubella vaccine
Increased incidence of common colds in children under 3 Increased incidence of gastroenteritis in children under 3 |
|
| 127 | 1/28/13 | Yes [Vested, A., et al., “Associations of in Utero Exposure to Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids with Human Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Adult Men,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205118) (on-line Jan. 28, 2013)] | Danish Univ. | General Danish Population (males aged 19-21) | Decreased adjusted sperm concentration
Decreased total sperm count Increased luteinizing hormone (LH) Increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) |
|
| 128 | 2/8/13 | Yes [Uhl, S.A., et al., “Association of Osteoarthritis with Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in NHANES 2003-2008,” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205673) (on-line Feb. 8, 2013)] | Yale Sch. Forestry & Environ. Stud. | General US Population (Age 2-84 years old) | Increased osteoarthritis in women | Yes |
| 129 | 2/18/13 | Yes [Erikson, K.T., et al., “Association between Plasma PFOA and PFOS Levels and Total Cholesterol in a Middle-Aged Danish Population,” PLoS ONE 8(2) (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone,0056969) (on-line Feb. 18, 2013)] | Danish Cancer Soc. | General Danish Population (50-65 years old) | Increased total cholesterol | Yes |
| 130 | 4/3/13 | Yes [Geiger, S.D., et al., “Positive Association Between Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Hyperuricemia in Children,” Am. J. Epidem. (doi: 10.1093/aje/kws392) (on-line April 3, 2013)] | Univ. Wisconsin | General U.S. Population (Children) | Increased hyperuricemia | Yes |
| 131 | 7/13 | Yes [Stein, C.R., et al., “Perfluorooctanoate and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Children,” 24 Epidem. (4) 1-10 (July 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population (Children) | [No adverse neurological associations in children tested] | |
| 132 | 6/4/13 | Yes [Steenland, K., et al., “Ulcerative Colitis and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in a Highly Exposed Population of Community Residents and Workers in the Mid-Ohio Valley,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206449) (on-line June 4, 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population and DuPont WV PFOA Employees | Increased ulcerative colitis | Yes |
| 133 | 7/9/13 | Yes [Darow, L. A., Stein, C.R., & Steenland, K., “Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Concentrations in Relation to Birth Outcomes in the Mid-Ohio Valley, 2005-2010,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206372) (on-line July 9, 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased pregnancy-induced hypertension
[No increased preterm birth, low birth weight] |
|
| 134 | 7/17/13 | Yes [Wen, L-L, et al., “Association Between Serum Perfluorinated Chemicals and Thyroid Function in U.S. Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010,” J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab. (doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-1282) (on-line July 17, 2013)] | Taiwanese Univ. | General U.S. Population | Increased T3 in women
Increased subclinical hypothyroidism in women |
Yes |
| 135 | 7/4/13 | Yes [Consonni, D., et al., “Cancer Risk Among Tetrafluoroethylene Synthesis and Polymerization Workers,” Am. J. Epidem. (doi: 10.1093/aje/kws588) (on-line July 4, 2013)] | Italian Researchers | U.S./European Fluorochemical Workers (Including DuPont WV PFOA Workers) | Increased liver cancer
Increased kidney cancer Increased leukemia |
|
| 136 | 9/5/13 [FINAL – 12/13] | Yes [Barry, V., Winquist, A., & Steenland, K., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Exposures and Incident Cancers Among Adults Living Near a Chemical Plant,” 121 Environ. Health Perspec . 1313-1318 (Dec. 2013) ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306615) (on-line Sept. 5, 2013)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population/DuPont PFOA WV Workers | Increased kidney cancer
Increased testicular cancer |
Yes
Yes |
| 137 | 10/14/13 | Yes [Simpson, C, et al., “Relation between perfluorooctanic acid exposure and strokes in a large cohort living near a chemical plant,” J. Environ. Research ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2013.10.002) (on-line 10/13)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH C8 Settlement Population | Increased stroke incidence, except for highest exposure levels | Yes |
| 138 | 10/15/13 | Yes [Kristensen, S.L., et al., Long-term effects of prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances on female reproduction,” Human Reprod. (doi: 10.1093/humrep/det382) (on-line 10/15/13)] | Danish Researchers | General Danish Population (Pregnant Women) | Increased delay to menarche among daughters born to exposed mothers | |
| 139 | 10/25/13 | Yes [Lyngso, J., et al., “Menstrual cycle characteristics in fertile women from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine exposed to perfluorinated chemicals: a cross-sectional study,” Human Reprod. (doi:10.1093/humrep/det390) (on-line 10/25/13)] | Danish Researchers | General Greenland/Poland/Ukraine Population (Pregnant Women) | Increased length of menstrual cycles | |
| 140 | 11/13 | Yes [Geiger, S.D., et al., “The association between PFOA, PFOS and serum lipid levels,” Chemosphere (on-line 11/13) | WVU and Other Researchers | General U.S. Population (12-18 year olds) | Increased total cholesterol and LDL-C | Yes |
| 141 | 11/26/13 | Yes [Taylor, K.W., et al., “Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Menopause among Women 20-65 Years of Age (NHANES),” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306707) (on-line 11/26/13)] | NIEHS | General U.S. Population (Women ages 20-65) | Decreased time to menopause | Yes |
| 142 | 11/13 | Yes [Karnes, C., Winquist, A., & Steenland, K, “Incidence of type II diabetes in a cohort with substantial exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid,” Environ. Research ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2013.11.003) (on-line 11/13)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | [No association with increased type II diabetes] | |
| 143 | 11/13 | Yes [Lind, L., et al., “Circulating levels of perfluoroalkyl substances and prevalent diabetes in the elderly,” Diabetologia (doi: 10.1007/a00125-013-3126-3) (on-line 11/13) | Swedish Researchers | General Swedish Population Age 70 | Increased diabetes prevalence | No |
| 144 | 3/14 | Yes [Winquist, A. & Steenland, K., “Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure and Thyroid Disease in Community and Worker Cohorts,” 25 (2) Epidemiology 255-64 (March 2014)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population//DuPont PFOA WV Workers | Increased thyroid disease | Yes |
| 145 | 1/27/14 | Yes [Innes, K., et al., “Inverse association of colorectal cancer prevalence to serum levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in a large Appalachian population,” BMC Cancer (doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-45) (on-line 1/27/14)] | WVU | WV/OH Settlement Population | Decreased colorectal cancer | Yes |
| 146 | 2/14 | Yes [Taylor, K.W., et al., “Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Menopause among Women 20-65 Years of Age (NHANES),” 122 (2) Environ. Health Perspec. 145-50 (Feb. 2014)] | NIEHS | General U.S. Population | Decreased time to menopause | |
| 147 | 5/14 | Yes [Darrow, L.A., et al., “PFOA and PFOS Serum Levels and Miscarriage Risk,” 25 Epidem. _ (2014) (on-line ay 2014)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | Increased miscarriage risk at highest exposure levels | No |
| 148 | 5/14/14 | Yes [Raleigh, K.K., et al., “Mortality and cancer incidence in ammonium perfluorooctanoate production workers,” Occup. Environ. Med. (doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102109) (on-line May 14, 2014)] | 3M | 3M Minnesota Fluorochemical Workers | Increased bladder cancer
Increased pancreatic cancer |
|
| 149 | 5/14 | Yes [Fu, Y., et al., “Associations between serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl acids and serum lipid levels in a Chinese population,” 106 Ecotoxicology & Environ. Safety 246-52 (2014)] | Chinese Researchers | General Chinese Population | Increased total cholesterol (TC)
Increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) |
|
| 150 | 6/6/14 | Yes [Humblet, O., et al., “Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Asthma among Children 12-19 Years of Age: NHANES (1999-2008),” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306606) (on-line June 6, 2014)] | Univ. Cal. Researchers | General U.S. Population (Children 12-19) | Increased asthma | |
| 151 | 8/15/14 | Yes [Louis, G.M.B, et al., “Perfluorochemicals and Human Semen Quality: The LIFE Study,” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307621) (on-line Aug. 15, 2014)] | Shriver Nat. Inst. Of Child Health & Human Devel. | General U.S. Population | Decreased sperm with coiled tails | |
| 152 | 9/26/14 | Yes [Winquist, A. & Steenland, K., “Modeled PFOA Exposure and Coronary Artery Disease, Hypertension, and High Cholesterol in Community and Worker Cohorts,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307943) (on-line Sept. 26, 2014)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population/DuPont PFOA WV Workers | Increased cholesterol | Yes |
| 153 | 10/17/14 | Yes [Galloway, T.S., et al., “PFOA and PFOS are associated with reduced expression of the parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2R) gene in women,” 120 Chemosphere 555-52 (2/15) (on-line 10/17/14)] | UK Researchers | General UK Population | Reduced parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2R) gene in women | |
| 154 | 12/4/14 | Yes [Shrestha, S., et al., “Perfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid function in older adults,” 75C Environ Int. 206-214 (Dec. 4, 2014)] | S.U.N.Y Albany | General New York State Population | Increased fT4 and T4 with age | |
| 155 | 12/10/14 | Yes [de Cock, M., et al., “Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in relation to thyroid hormone levels in infants – a Dutch prospective cohort study,” 13(1) Environ. Health 106 (Dec. 10, 2014)] | Dutch Researchers | General Danish Population | Increased T4 in girls at high exposure | |
| 156 | 12/16/14 | Yes [Donauer, S., et al., “Prenatal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals and Infant Neurobehavior,” J. Pediatr. (doi:10.1016/j.peds.2014.11.021) (on-line Dec. 16, 2014)] | Univ. Cincinnati | General U.S. Population | Increased hypotonic categorization in infants | |
| 157 | 12/19/14 | Yes [Liew, Z., et al., “Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Childhood Autism in Association with prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances: A Nested case-Control Study in the Danish National Birth Cohort,” Environ. Health Perspec. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408412) (on-line Dec. 19, 2014)] | Univ. California (L.A.) | General Danish Population | [no increased risk of ADHD or autism] | |
| 158 | 1/19/15 | Yes [Steenland, K., Zhao, L., & Winquist, A., “A cohort incidence study of workers exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA),” Occup. Environ. Med. (doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102364) (on-line Jan. 19, 2015)] | C8 Science Panel | DuPont PFOA WV Workers | Increased ulcerative colitis
Increased rheumatoid arthritis Increased prostate cancer Increased thyroid disease (males) Increased non-hepatitis liver diease Increased type 2 diabetes |
|
| 159 | 1/29/15 | Yes [Zeng, X.W., et al., “Association of polyfluoroalkyl chemical exposure with serum lipids in children,” 512-513C Sci. Total Environ. 364-70 (Jan. 29, 20150] | Taiwanese Researchers | General Taiwanese Population (Children Aged 12-15) | Increased total cholesterol
Increased LDL Increased triglycerides Decreased HDL |
Yes
Yes Yes No |
| 160 | 3/26/15 | Yes [Tsai, M.S., et al., “Association between perfluoroalkyl substances and reproductive hormones in adolescents and young adults,” Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health (doi: 10.1016/ijheh.2015.03.008) (on-line March 26, 2015)] | Taiwanese Researchers | General Taiwanese Population (Aged 12-30) | Decreased SHBG | Yes |
| 161 | 4/7/15 | Yes [Jensen, T.K, et al., “Association between Perfluorinated Compound Exposure and Miscarriage in Danish pregnant Women,” PLoS ONE (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123496) (on-line April 7, 2015)] | Danish Researchers | General Danish Population (Pregnant Women) | [No association between PFOA and miscarriage] | |
| 162 | 5/23/15 | Yes [Maisonet, M., et al., “Prenatal exposures to perfluoroalkyl acids and serum lipids at ages 7 and 15 in females,” 82 Environ. Int’l 49-60 (May 23, 2015)] | East Tennessee State Univ./U.K Researchers | General U.K. Population (Females) | Prenatal Exposure may effect later life lipid levels in females | |
| 163 | 6/2/15 | Yes [Maisonet, M., et al., “Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Serum Testosterone Concentrations at 15 years of Age in female ALSPAC Study Participants,” Environ. Health Persp. () (on-line June 2, 2015)] | East Tenn. State/Other Researchers | General U.K. Population (Children 15 Years) | Increased testosterone levels following prenatal exposures | |
| 164 | 6/9/15 | Yes [Khalil, N., et al., “Association of Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Bone Mineral Density, and Osteoporosis in the U.S. Population in NHANES 2009-2010,” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.dooi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307909) (on-line June 9, 2015)] | Ohio Researchers | General U.S. Population | Increased osteoporosis in women | |
| 165 | 6/26/15 | Yes [Lenters, V., et al., “Prenatal Phthalate, Perfluoroalkyl Acid, and Organochlorine Exposures and Term Birth Weight in Three Birth Cohorts: Multi-Pollutant Models Based on Elastic Net Regression,” Environ. Health Persp. (on-line June 26, 2015)] | General Greenland, Poland, and Ukraine Populations (Infants) | Decreased birth weight | ||
| 166 | 10/13/15 | Yes [Goudarzi, H., et al., “Prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and neurodevelopment in early infancy: The Hokkaido Study,” 541 Sci. Total Environ. 1002-1010 (Oct. 13, 2015)] | General Population (Infants at 6 and 18 months) | Decreased neurodevelopment in female infants at 6 months | ||
| 167 | 10/30/15 | Yes [Webster, G. M., et al., “Cross-Sectional Associations of Serum Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Thyroid Hormones in U.S. Adults: Variation According to TPOAb and Iodine Status (NHANES 2007-2008),” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409589) (on-line Oct. 30, 2015)] | Canadian Researchers | General U.S. Population | Thyroid disruption in sensitive subpopulation of adults with high TPOAb and low iodine status | |
| 168 | 11/11/15 | Yes [Braun, J. M., et al., “Prenatal Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and Child Adiposity at 8 years of Age: The HOME Study,” Obesity J. (doi:10.1002/oby.21258) (on-line Nov. 11, 2015)] | Brown Univ. | General U.S. Population (Children in Ohio and Kentucky) | Increased adiposity at age 8 and more rapid increase in BMI between ages 2-8 | |
| 169 | 1/20/16 | Yes [Dhingra, R., et al., “Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and natural menopause: A longitudinal study in a community cohort,” 146 Environ. Res. 323-330 (Jan. 20, 2016)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | [No association with earlier age at menopause] | |
| 170 | 1/28/16 | Yes [Vuong, A.M., et al., “Prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ether and perfluoroalkyl substance exposures and executive function in school-age children,” Environ. Res. (doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.008) (on-line Jan. 28, 2016)] | Univ. of Cincinnati | General Cincinnati, Ohio Population (Mother-child pairs) | [No association with executive function deficits in school-age children] | |
| 171 | 3/10/16 | Yes [Qin, X.D., et al., “Positive associations of serum perfluoroalkyl substances with uric acid and hyperuricemia in children from Taiwan,” J. Env. Pol. (doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.050) (on-line March 10, 2016)] | Taiwanese Researchers | General Taiwan Population (Children Aged 12-15 Years) | Increased serum uric acid levels in boys | |
| 172 | 3/15/16 | Yes [Darrow, L.A., et al., “Modeled Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Exposure and Liver Function in a Mid-Ohio Valley Community,” Environ. Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510391) (on-line March 15, 2016)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population | Increased ALT
Decreased bilirubin |
|
| 173 | 8/16 | Yes [Lopez-Espinosa, M.J., et al., “Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Sex Hormones, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 at 6-9 Years of Age: A Cross Sectional Analysis within the C8 Health Project,” 124 (8) Environ. Health Persp. 1269-1275 (Aug. 2016)] | C8 Science Panel | WV/OH Settlement Population (6-9 Years Old) | Decreased testosterone in boys | |
| 174 | 8/9/16 | Yes [Grandjean, P., et al., “Serum Vaccine Antibody Concentrations in Adolescents Exposed to Perfluorinated Compounds,” Environ Health Persp. ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP275) (on-line Aug. 9, 2016)] | Harvard Univ. | General Faroe Islands Population (Ages 7, 13) | Decreased antibody response |